Admin IQA - Part2

 

Q) What is Node Manager?

Node manager is a weblogic server utility that enables you to start, shut down, and restart administration server and managed server instances from a remote location (weblogic console).

Node manager is a java service .

Must run on host where weblogic server is running.

it will start and stop and monitoring the servers under that machine.

Nodemanger default port is 5556

Server can run without node manager.

can be associated with  more than one domain on server.

Each domain has one node manager

There are two types of Node manager

1)Java-Based Node manager

2)Script-Based Node manager.

Java-Based Node manager:

Java-based Node manager runs within a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) process.

It is recommended that you run it as a Windows server and VBox UNIX platforms.

Script-Based Node manager:

For UNIX and Linux systems, Weblogic Server provides a script-based version of Node manager.

Starting the Node Manager

The Node Manager is the WebLogic Server utility to control the lifecycle

Start, stop, restart—of the WebLogic Managed Server instances and the Administration Server.

To start an Administration Server without using Node Manager:

1.     If you have not already done so, use WLST to create a WebLogic domain. ...

2.     Open a shell (command prompt) on the computer on which you created the domain.

3.     Change to the directory in which you located the domain.

Creation of new Managed server in Admin console:

In the administration console under Domain Structure (Eg : base_doamin) as per in below screen,

Expand Environment (by clicking the + next to it). Then click Servers New

Enter new server details such as Name, Server Listen Address, Server Listen Port (Unique) and click “Next”

Q) What Are The Main Benefits Of Soa?

SOA helps create greater alignment between IT and line of business

While generating more flexibility 

Well-defined interfaces 

SOA can help you get better reuse out of your existing IT investments as well as the new services you’re developing today.

Reduces cost

Batch Process

A group of transactions collected over a period of time is entered, processed and then batch result are produced.

Efficient way of processing high volume of data or where fast response time is not critical.

There is non-continuous processing of data.

Collect data-> Input data -> Process data -> Output data.

Installation

Server Components

Database

Weblogic server

RCU

Soa Domain

        Admin server

        Managed Server

Clients Components

Jdeveloper

Soa Components 

A composite Application

Is deployed as an SOA archive (SAR file) that includes all service components in a single application package.

It can be deployed by using multiple tool:

-          Oracle Jdeveloper through a project profile

-          EM

-          Command-line tools, such as Ant and WLST. 

SOA service Components

 BPEL Process

 Mediator

 Business rules

 Human task

 Spring Context

 JAVA Web service

 "PL/SQL exposed as services"

 SDO Services

 Adapter services

Binding Components includes

Services

References 

SOA artifact’s

XSD’s

WSDL

JCA Adapter

->JCA binding components is the crud of the adapter architecture.

->It is lightweight implementation based on JCA standards for inbound and outbound communication that provides a mechanism to integrate with existing backend systems (EIS and DBMS)

->" Supports interoperability with heterogeneous applications built on different technologies and provided by different vendors."

->Oracle JCA adapter used to efficiently integrate enterprise application.

->Supports open standards j2ee JCA connector, XML, WSDl.

->"JCA Adapter uses native APIs which supports communicating with the back-end application and also translating native data to standard XML."

->facilitate real-time and bidirectional connectivity.

Types of Oracle JCA adapter:

Technology adapter:

     File/FTP

     Database

     JMS

      Oracle streams Advanced Queuing (AQ)

      MQ series

      Sockets 

Legacy adapters:

    OracleAS  Adapter for Tuxedo

    OracleAS Adapter for CICS

    OracleAS Adapter for VSAM

    OracleAS Adapter for IMS/TM

    OracleAS Adapter forIMS/DB 

Package Application Adapter:

    OracleAS Adapter for PeopleSoft

   OracleAS Adapter for SAP r/3

   OracleAS Adapter for Siebel

      OracleAS Adapter for J.D Edwards 

Oracle application adapter:

 Oracle Adapter for E-business suit

Note: 

SOA 12c comes as standalone installer that means we need not to install Database, RCU, Weblogic , SOA and OSB installer separately. By default, Oracle SOA 12c use Java DB but we can also use Oracle Database.

Different types of domain in Oracle SOA 12c

Integrated WebLogic Server's default domain in JDeveloper: 

Default domain is created on integrated weblogic server which is chained to Jdeveloper that means when we close the jdeveloper session weblogic server also shut down. This integrated weblogic by default use Java DB so this default domain also use Java DB. 

Configure a standalone domain

We can also create Standalone domain for Integrated WebLogic Server. The server and domain run independently of JDeveloper. This domain still use Java DB.

 

Benefits of standalone domain over default domain is, this will you save you start-up time if you plan on developing an application in JDeveloper over a series of separate sessions. This will save you even more time if you plan to develop applications in the Oracle Service Bus browser-based console and never plan to launch JDeveloper. 

Configure a compact domain

When we plan to use Oracle database then we use this domain. We use this domain when we need to use MFT (Managed File Transfer), ESS (Enterprise Service Scheduler) , Healthcare , B2B, BAM components. 

Default Database

Oracle SOA 12c default installer comes with Java DB which is very light weight. so developer can use Java DB for SOA and OSB development but problem arises when we need to use MFT (Managed File Transfer) and ESS (Enterprise Service Scheduler), in the current version of SOA 12c Java DB does not support MFT and ESS so we need to install Oracle DB if we need to use MFT and ESS. Oracle XE 11g database is compatible with SOA 12c.

Oracle Managed File Transfer (MFT):

Oracle has introduced MFT (Managed File Transfer) tool in Oracle SOA 12c. MFT enables secure file exchange between two points; these two points can be internal or external. 

In this release of Oracle SOA 12c, we can't use Java DB for MFT. We have to use Oracle database. 

There are some Prerequisites for MFT Installation which are mentioned below. 

Oracle Database should be installed.

Oracle SOA 12c installed

RCU

 What is RCU? why we are Installing RCU?

RCU is Repository creation utility. RCU provides the flexibility to create custom schemas and tablespaces in databse.

You can choose to rename schemas, or change the tablespace allocation so that components can share a single or multiple tablespaces.

. In addition, auxiliary schemas can be mapped to additional tablespaces.

RCU:

RCU comes with Oracle SOA 12c installer, so you need not to download it separately.  You can find rcu file at below location.

ORACLE_HOME\oracle_commom\bin\ruc.bat

What are the prerequisites’ for webloic installation?

Selected OS(Including RPM's), JDK and Weblogic software. 

How to Increasing JVM Size (heap size) of Admin Server?

JVM size of Admin server can be increased by changing Xmx and Xms  values in setDomainEnv.sh

which is located in $MW_HOME/user_projects/domains/base_domain/bin

How many types of clustering are there in Weblogic server?

There are Two types of clustering:

1.Vertical clustering.

2.Horizontal clustering. 

Vertical clustering:

Group of available weblogic server instances in a single physical machine as cluster is called vertical cluster.

Horizontal clustering:

Grouping of multiple application servers that are run on two or more different physical machines is called Horizontal clustering. It is more reliable than vertical clustering

In Real Time:

Basic Tier cluster with horizontal mc1, mc2.

What are the Different states of Server Lifecycle?

Starting state:

When you start a server, it takes the following actions:Retrieves its configuration data.  

When we issue any type of startup command the server instance transitions from the SHUTDOWN to the STANDBY state. During the STARTING state the instance reads the domain configuration data from its config directory, whereas the Managed Servers will get their configuration data from the Admin Server.

Standby state:

(Available only if you have configured an administration port.)

During this state all ports are closed, but you can quickly transition to a RUNNING state from here, so this state could be used to keep a server in a hot STANDBY mode.

 

You can issue a command that starts a server and places it in this state.

In this state, a server has initialized all of its services and applications and can accept administration commands and participate in cluster communication.

It is not accessible for requests that come from external clients.

A typical use of the STANDBY state is to keep a server available as a “hot” backup, especially in a high-availability or mission-critical environment.

When you need to use the backup server, you can quickly resume its ability to process client requests. 

Admin state:

The ADMIN state permits only administrative tasks such as deploying applications, with those applications being able to process only requests from users with the Admin and AppTester roles.

Resuming state:

This is a purely transitional state the server instance goes through after it transitions automatically through the ADMIN state or you issue the resume command after first placing the instance in the STANDBY or ADMIN state.

Running state:

In this state, a server offers its services to clients and can operate as a full member of a cluster

During the RUNNING state that the server can accept and service client requests for its services.

SHUTDOWN. In this state, the server is configured but inactive. 

You can move a server into this state either from the RUNNING state or the STANDBY state. As it transitions to SHUTDOWN, a server goes through theSHUTTING_DOWN state

FAILED. If one or more critical services become dysfunctional during the lifetime of server, the server transitions to the FAILED state. Your only option to recover from theFAILED state is to shut down the server. You can set up a server to restart itself if critical services become dysfunctional. For information about automatic restarts, Guide.  

UNKNOWN. If a server cannot be contacted, it is considered to be in the UNKNOWN state. 

How to monitor webLogic using WLST?

First you need to connect to the adminServer. then you can use any Runtime MBean.

Using WLST we can monitor various Runtime MBeans such as ThreadPool, JVM, JDBC ConnectionPool, JMS Server and Server Life Cycle for state of a WebLogic server instance. 

What is WLST  WebLogic Scripting Tool ?

The WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST) is a command-line scripting interface that system administrators and operators use to monitor and manage WebLogic Server instances and domains.

The WLST scripting environment is based on the Java scripting interpreter, Jython.

In addition to WebLogic scripting functions, you can use common features of interpreted languages, including local variables, conditional variables, and flow control statements.

WebLogic Server developers and administrators can extend the WebLogic scripting language to suit their environmental needs by following the Jython language syntax.

How to make a managed server?

  Backup the configuration by rename config.xml with config.xml_date

Configure the changes in the  startManagedWebLogic.sh /cmd  with weblogic home and java home and give the admin severs URL updated

 Go to weblogic admins console and add a managed server and give the IP and port of the managed server. all the changes confirmed then start the server using startManagedWebLogic.sh script present in the domain bin.